The article expresses attitude of the author, as a scientist and as a citizen, to far from unequivocal processes of modernization of educational system for children with disabilities, which are carried out in the Russian Federation.

Reasons of appearance and consequences for all educational system of our country of the well-known Decree of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party "About paedological perversions in the system of the People's Commissariats for Education" (1936) are analyzed in the publication. Special attention is given to the heavy blow, which fell upon the Soviet special school after adoption of the Decree. The article abounds with concrete statistical data, living testimonies of teachers and heads of educational institutions.