Aim: To discuss recommendations of the World Report on Hearing and World Health Assembly Resolution on prevention of hearing loss and deafness and prioritize the ear and hearing care. Results and Discussion: The results on prevalence of hearing loss and near-term prognosis are analyzed. In accordance with the WHO recommendations it is stressed that all people with hearing loss must have the approach to affordable and effective rehabilitation during the life-span. These approaches include hearing screening and early intervention prevention and management of ear diseases and hearing loss, access to modern hearing technologies, development of the rehabilitation services, improved communication, safe listening and active involvement of the society. Conclusion: The target indicators for the professional society and the national health systems are provided.

In the article there is described at length a psycho-pedagogical examination of early age children: the goals, methods of carrying out, quantitative and qualitative assessment. The diagnostics data are analysed, there are defined the main areas of special correctional support of children depending on the scored points in the course of examination.

The article gives proof of the opinion concerning an inadequacy of ABA therapy as a basic method of infantile autism correction. There is discussed the disparity in the behavioral methods to the aim of the child development. The emphasis is laid on the necessity of gaming lessons with preschool autistic children and of creating of special conditions for their conscious learning social and everyday skills.